John Vervaeke

John Vervaeke

Cognitive Scientist & Philosopher

About

John Vervaeke is a professor of cognitive science at the University of Toronto, known for his work on relevance realization, wisdom, and the meaning crisis. His lecture series 'Awakening from the Meaning Crisis' has gained a worldwide following. His framework of relevance realization—how minds determine what matters—offers deep insights into both human cognition and the challenges of building AI systems that can truly understand context and meaning.

Key Contributions

  • Developed relevance realization as a framework for how minds determine what matters in context
  • Created 'Awakening from the Meaning Crisis,' a long-form lecture series connecting cognitive science, philosophy, and spirituality
  • Brought University of Toronto cognitive-science teaching into a global online audience without abandoning academic scaffolding
  • Studies wisdom, self-transcendence, and transformative experience as cognitive capacities rather than vague self-help terms
  • Offers AI discussions a useful contrast: intelligence requires salience and context, not just information retrieval
  • His synthesis has a devoted audience, though its breadth can make it hard to separate academic theory from existential pedagogy

Questions they sharpened View the streams

What is knowing?

Knowing comes in four kinds — propositional, procedural, perspectival, participatory — and only the first fits in sentences.

What remains human?

The stake isn't a skill machines might match — it's whether we keep the practices that put us in contact with what's real. The meaning crisis is losing that grip; the machines didn't cause it, but they can deepen it or help us recover it.

Can intelligence be measured?

2012

Any fixed benchmark fixes the frame in advance — it tells the system what counts as a task. But general intelligence is precisely the power to reframe: to decide, unprompted, what the task even is.

How does a mind know what matters?

2012

Relevance realization: a mind doesn't compute what matters, it continuously self-organizes toward it — trading generality against precision, staying poised between too much focus and too little. It's a standing act, not a rule you could write down.

What is intelligence?

2012

Intelligence is relevance realization — the standing capacity to zero in on what matters here and now without checking everything. Not information, not skill: the art of ignoring almost all of it.

Does an LLM actually understand?

2019

Understanding is participatory, not just propositional. You grasp something by being gripped by it — caring, coping, having a stake in a world — not by predicting the next token about it. A system can hold all the propositions and still not be in contact.

What is a self?

2019

The self isn't a thing you have but a relationship you're in — an agent fitted to its arena. The grasping ego that fears its own dissolution is not the whole of it; wisdom is loosening that identification without losing the person.

What is real?

2019

Realness is not just existence but the depth of your contact with it — graded by how fully you participate. Losing that contact is the meaning crisis.

Does reality descend or emerge?

2019

A world explained purely from below can say how things came to be, but not why some are more real, more worth becoming. Meaning needs the vertical that emanation guarded — a 'more real than real' to climb toward — recovered, not deleted, by the naturalist.

Videos & Interviews

The Blind Spot in Perception: Cognitive Science, Asian Philosophy, and Mystical Insight

The Blind Spot in Perception: Cognitive Science, Asian Philosophy, and Mystical Insight

Conversation with John Vervaeke exploring how cognitive science, philosophy, and mysticism converge

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Iain McGilchrist & John Vervaeke: God, Being, Meaning

Iain McGilchrist & John Vervaeke: God, Being, Meaning

Deep dialogue on consciousness, meaning, and the nature of reality

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The Psychological Drivers of the Metacrisis: John Vervaeke, Iain McGilchrist, Daniel Schmachtenberger

The Psychological Drivers of the Metacrisis: John Vervaeke, Iain McGilchrist, Daniel Schmachtenberger

Trilogue on the deep psychological and cognitive roots of civilizational challenges

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Awakening from the Meaning Crisis - Ep. 1

Awakening from the Meaning Crisis - Ep. 1

First episode of the influential lecture series on meaning, wisdom, and cognition

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John Vervaeke: Meaning Crisis, Atheism, Religion & the Search for Wisdom

John Vervaeke: Meaning Crisis, Atheism, Religion & the Search for Wisdom

Lex Fridman Podcast #317 - Discussion on meaning, wisdom, and what AI is missing

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Poetry Wakes You to Reality | John Vervaeke & Adam Walker

Poetry Wakes You to Reality | John Vervaeke & Adam Walker

A conversation with Adam Walker on how poetry awakens perception and reconnects us to reality.

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Emergence-emanation, Whitehead, Kastrup: a dialectic ontology w/ Matt Segall - Voices with Vervaeke

Emergence-emanation, Whitehead, Kastrup: a dialectic ontology w/ Matt Segall - Voices with Vervaeke

Segall and Vervaeke work the axis between emanation and emergence: does reality descend from the One, as Plotinus taught, or climb from below, as Whitehead's process philosophy suggests — and can a dialectical ontology hold both? A follow-up to their Whitehead dialogue, set between Vervaeke's conversations with Bernardo Kastrup.

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Ep. 18 - Awakening from the Meaning Crisis - Plotinus and Neoplatonism

Ep. 18 - Awakening from the Meaning Crisis - Plotinus and Neoplatonism

Vervaeke's Meaning Crisis episode devoted to Plotinus — how he wove Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics into a single spiritual system in which all reality emanates from the One, and the philosophical life becomes the soul's contemplative ascent back toward its source.

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Papers & Publications

Connections

Iain McGilchrist

Iain McGilchrist

In conversation

Psychiatrist, Neuroscientist & Author

Vervaeke and McGilchrist have made their dialogue a running institution — two of the conversations are on this site, from 'God, Being, Meaning' to the psychological drivers of the metacrisis. What keeps them talking is a shared diagnosis reached by different instruments: attention is not a spotlight but a way of loving the world, and a culture that optimizes it for grasping loses what can only be met.

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Evan Thompson

Evan Thompson

In conversation

Philosopher of Mind & Cognitive Science

Their recorded dialogue on The Blind Spot — on this site — meets at the place both careers point: cognitive science keeps deleting the experience it depends on. Thompson arrives via enactivism and Asian philosophy, Vervaeke via relevance realization and the practices he calls ecologies; both hold that knowing is participatory before it is propositional.

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Joscha Bach

Joscha Bach

In conversation

AI Researcher & Cognitive Scientist

Their three-hour 'Theolocution' on Theories of Everything (2022) is a sustained negotiation between two rival accounts of mind: Bach's — that consciousness is a simulation the brain runs of itself — and Vervaeke's — that knowing is participatory and cannot be exhausted by computation. They disagree fruitfully, which is rarer than agreeing.

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Plotinus

Plotinus

Influenced by

Philosopher & Founder of Neoplatonism

Episode 18 of Awakening from the Meaning Crisis is devoted to Plotinus, whom Vervaeke reads as the great synthesis of the ancient world — rationality and mystical ascent held in one practice. When Vervaeke argues that meaning is cultivated through ecologies of practices rather than beliefs, the shape of the claim is Neoplatonic; he says so himself, episode by episode.

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